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THE GLOBAL HEATING
If all the news about soaring temperatures is starting to make a global warming believer out of you, join the club. Most scientists accept that the atmosphere is warming. Climate is also a complicated creature, reflecting interactions between air chemistry, physics, water in clouds, rain and the ocean, the sun, the Earth's reflected heat, plants and human activity. Gathering levels of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere would trap heat, causing a rapid warming and damaging the atmosphere, the oceans and the economy.
One cause of worry is recent evidence that climate is less stable than once assumed.
The Planet Is Heating Up—and Fast: Glaciers are melting, sea levels are rising, cloud forests are drying, and wildlife is scrambling to keep pace. It's becoming clear that humans have caused most of the past century's warming by releasing heat-trapping gases as we power our modern lives. Called greenhouse gases, their levels are higher now than in the past years.
We call the result global warming, but it is causing a set of changes to the Earth's climate, that varies from place to place. The rapid rise in greenhouse gases is a problem because it is changing the climate faster than some living things may be able to adapt. Also, a new and more unpredictable climate poses unique challenges to all life.
The difference between average global temperatures today and during those ice ages is only about 5 degrees Celsius (9 degrees Fahrenheit), and these swings happen slowly, over hundreds of thousands of years.
Now, with concentrations of greenhouse gases rising, Earth's remaining ice sheets (such as Greenland and Antarctica) are starting to melt too. As the mercury rises, the climate can change in unexpected ways. In addition to sea levels rising, weather can become more extreme. This means more intense major storms, more rain followed by longer and drier droughts (a challenge for growing crops), changes in the ranges in which plants and animals can live, and loss of water supplies that have come from glaciers.
Scientists are already seeing some of these changes occurring more quickly than they had expected. In recent years, global warming has been the subject of a great deal of political controversy. Signs that the earth is warming are recorded all over the globe.
The predicted effects of global warming on the environment and for human life are numerous and varied. It is generally difficult to attribute specific natural phenomena to long-term causes, but some effects of recent climate change may already be occurring. Rising sea levels, glacier retreat, Arctic shrinkage, and altered patterns of agriculture are cited as direct consequences, but predictions for secondary and regional effects include extreme weather events, an expansion of tropical diseases, changes in the timing of seasonal patterns in ecosystems, and drastic economic impact. Concerns have led to political activism advocating proposals to mitigate, eliminate, or adapt to it.
Eigly García